Description: CNC Programming: Principles and Applications sets machinists and machine operators on a systematic path to mastering G- and M-code programming, guiding them from initial planning through programming of an actual NC machining job. The first section of the book lays the foundation by introducing readers to the fundamentals of CNC machine tools, manufacturing processes, and necessary technical mathematics. The next four chapters of the book explain concepts of NC part programming, and the final section features advanced programming concepts and techniques for the milling center and lathe. Readers who have acquired some conventional machining experience, yet have little or no formal academic training, will find this how-to and reference book to be particularly well-suited to their needs. Product Benefits: - Short, to-the-point code examples focus attention on specific topics, while complete part programs enable new CNC programmers to integrate seemingly disjointed concepts.
- Numerous illustrations explain core principles, allowing the author to convey concepts visually to readers more accustomed to the language of graphics vs. dense text.
- AutoEditNC programming software (a specialized code editor and simulation package) is available free to readers to download for additional Fanuc-style programming practice.
- The general approach acknowledges the absence of an industry-wide standard while allowing readers to account for wide variation in machine tool controls and differences between various brands of controls.
- Prerequisites for successful NC programming - such as trigonometry, speeds and feeds, CNC control, and tooling - are explained in detail for benefit of the reader.
Table of Contents: COMPUTER NUMERCIAL CONTROL OF MACHINE TOOLS.
Chapter1: AUTOMATICALLY CONTROLLING THE MOVEMENTS OF A MACHINE TOOL. COMMON TYPES OF CNC MACHINE TOOLS. Milling Machines. Lathes. Grinders. SYSTEMS VIEW OF CNC. Control System. Dive System. Feedback System. The CNC System. A STANDARDIZED PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE.
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Chapter2: THE NC PROGRAMMING PROCESS. WRITING A NC PART PROGRAM. OFFLINE PROGRAMMING ON A DESKTOP PC. TESTING AND DEBUGGING. TRANSFERRING THE PROGRAM TO THE MACHINE TOOL. PROVING THE NC PROGRAM ON THE MACHINE TOOL. Steps in Program Proving. Testing Modes. The First Cut. Program and Setup Checklist. CNC SAFETY.
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Chapter3: NC TOOLING AND MACHINING PROCESSES. CNC AND MANUFACTURING PROCESSES. THE BASIC MACHINING OPERATIONS. Milling. Turning. Drilling and Reaming. Boring. Tapping. CUTTING TOOLS. Cutting Tool Materials. Insert Identification. Exotic Tool Materials. Tool Coatings. CUTTING TOOLS FOR MILLING. End Mills. Insert-Tooth Cutting Tools. Spindle Style. Spindle Tooling. CUTTING TOOLS FOR TURNING. OD Turning Tools. Boring Bars. Tool Holding Methods for Turning. CUTTING TOOLS FOR HOLE-MAKING. Drills and Reamers. Boring Head. WORKHOLDING TOOLING. The Milling Vise. Clamping Devices. Fixturing. Workholding for the CNC Lathe.
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Chapter4: TOOL AND WORKPIECE SETUP. THE CARTESIAN COORDINATE SYSTEM. Coordinate System on the Workpiece. The Role of Coordinates in NC Programming. ABSOLUTE VS. INCREMENTAL COORDINATES. POLAR COORDINATES AND ROTARY AXES. WORKPIECE AND MACHINE OFFSETS. THE Z-OFFSET AND TOOL LENGTHS. TOOL PRESETTING.
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Chapter5: PROGRAMMING CONCEPTS AND JOB PLANNING. PROGRAMMING WITH G&M-CODES. STRUCTURE OF A NC PART PROGRAM. WORDS, ADDRESSES AND NUMBERS. MODAL AND NON-MODAL CODES. PROGRAMMING GRAMMAR. Grammar and Readability. MORE ON THE SAFE LINE. Safety Resets. Setup Parameters. PROGRAM ANNOTATION AND SETUP SHEETS. PLANNING A CNC MATCHING JOB. Study the Workpiece Drawing. Plan the Operations Setups. WORKHOLDING AND LOCATING PRINCIPLES. The 3-2-1 Locating Principle in Theory. The 3-2-1 Principle in Practice. SELECTING THE WORK ZERO. PLANNING THE TOOLPATH.
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Chapter6:CODES FOR POSITIONING AND MILLING. CONVENTIONS. PREPARATORY CODES. G00-RAPID TRAVERSE. G01-CUTTING STRAIGHT LINES. G02 & G03-CUTTING CIRCULAR ARCS. Specifying the Arc Center with I and J. Specifying the Arc Center with R. Using Circular Interpolation. Using Circular Interpolation with a Radius Value. Programming Arcs in Incremental Coordinates. LEAD IN AND LEAD OUT. G28-RETURN TO MACHINE HOME POSITION. PROGRAM EXAMPLES. Programming Example One. Programming Example Two. Programming Example Three. Programming Example Four. Programming Example Five. Programming Example Six (06199-97).
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Chapter7: BASIC CODES TO CONTROL MACHINE FUNCTIONS. UNDERSTANDING M-CODES. M06-TOOL CHANGES. M0... |
