1. The following may be considered trends driving the development of evidence-based nursing:
A. need for outcome data to guide patient care
B. increased experience in clinical pathways, standards, and protocols
C. increased numbers of randomized controlled trials
D. all of the above

2. One strategy often used in evidence based practice is program evaluation because it:
A. uses some aspect of research in an application unrelated to the original project
B. characterizes a person or object that varies within the population
C. researches how well a program practice or policy is working

3. The following organization has undertaken the development of funding of evidence based centers in the US:
A. Centers for Disease Control
B. American Nurses Association
C. Agency for Health Care Research and Quality
D. Oncology Nursing Society

Answers to Study Questions

1. D. There are multiple current trends that have been recognized as drivers of evidence- based care in nursing. These trends support that the outcomes of health care delivered by nursing need to demonstrate efficiency, effectiveness, and safety.

2. C. Program evaluation is important because it validates and measures the effectiveness of an intervention. Evidenced-based care does not always lead to the best decisions. Therefore, evaluation needs to be completed before a final determination can be concluded.

3. C. All of the organizations listed participate and support research. The Agency for Health Care Research and Quality has provided a stimulus for the evidence-based practice movement and has funded 12 practice centers.